Conditions | Conditions | | Print | |
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Head and Neck Conditions Neck Pain: There are varieties of neck causes for neck pain. Muscle strain is one of the most common causes of neck pain. A muscle strain indicates fiber disruption from indirect trauma due to excessive stretch at the weakest link-the myotendinous junction- rather than in the muscle belly. Whiplash: Whiplash is an acceleration-deceleration mechanism of energy transfer to the neck which may result from read-end or side impact, in motor vehicle collisions. The transferred energy results in bony or soft tissue injuries that will lead to a wide variety of clinical symptoms. Headaches: There are variety of causes of headaches. One of the most common headaches is tension headache, usually caused by stress, or fatigue. It is dull in nature, and its distribution is like a band around the head. Disc Injuries: A disc herniation of the cervical spine can occur with or without nerve root compression. The most common cause for it is secondary to trauma. There are two forms of disc herniation.1-soft disc herniation, this term is used when there is acute herniation of the nucleus pulposus into or through the annulus. This causes acute neck pain, Paraspinal muscle spasm, and can show radicular symptoms. The patient usually doesn’t have a history of neck pain. The patient tends to be younger in age. Hard Disc Herniation: is produced by calcification or osteophytic formation. It usually happens at age 45 or older. It usually is followed by an episode of neck stiffness and the onset is insidious. Low Back Conditions Lower Back Pain: The lifetime incident of low back pain ranges from 50-70%. Some of the risk factors are jobs that require heavy and repetitive lifting, the use of jackhammers and the operation of motor vehicles. Smokers are at greater risk for low back pain. Individuals above normal body weight are more likely to report back pain. Lower Back with Leg Pain: Sometimes patients with intermitted episode of lower back pain for month or even years will have radiating pain down to the sacroiliac region ad buttocks. Radicular pain usually extends below the knee and follows the dermatomes of the involved nerve root. If the pain is generated by a disc herniation, pain usually is worse in the leg than in the back. Pain is intermittent and increase by activities, such as sitting in the car for a long time. The pain maybe relieved by standing or bed rest. Disc Injuries: Disc injuries can be related to a traumatic event, or long term intermittent episodes of pain in the regions. The hallmark for disc injuries are exacerbation of the leg pain by straining, sneezing or coughing. Patients may complain of weakness. The weakness is usually localized to the neuralgic level of involvement. Spinal Stenosis: Stenosis is an abnormal narrowing of the osteoligamentous vertebral canal and/or vertebral foramina; the result is compression of the dural sac and or the nerve roots. Lumbar spinal stenosis specifically.
Shoulder Conditions
Rotator Cuff Injuries: There are different etiologies for impingement
and rotator cuff strains. One of the major causes is age related degeneration.
Degeneration results in osteophytes formation and tendon weakness at the AC
joints. Another theory is that the impingement happens due to the shape of the
acromion. Repetitive microtrauma (such as throwing sports) is another cause for
impingement at the AC joints (such as throwing sports)
Adhesive Capsulitis: This is a condition of unknown etiology. The major symptoms are painful ranges of motion and restrictions of all shoulder movements, both active and passive, especially abduction and rotation. Tendonitis: Tendonitis as the shoulder usually occurs in the biceps or Supraspinats tendon. Symptoms are pain with activity. Upper Extremities Golfer's Elbow: Medial Epicondylitis also known as Golfer's elbow is a tendonitis at the common Flexor-Pronator tendons as they arise from medial Epicondyle. this muscle group receives stress during the acceleration phase of swinging a golf club. Clinical signs are localized pain at the Flexor-Pronator mass and the pain increases with flexion and pronation of the wrist. Tennis Elbow: Lateral Epicondylitis also known as Tennis elbow, is a tendonitis at the Extensor Carpi Radialis brevis. Usually it is most common in sports such as Tennis. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: It is the most common peripheral neuropathy in the upper extremities. it is more common in middle age adults. It affects female primarily. Mild symptoms start with intermittent numbness, tingling, and pain in the median nerve distribution. Some time symptoms wake the patient at night. At its advanced stages there is some muscle wasting, significant loss of function. Lower Extremities Running Injuries: One of the common injuries in runners is the inflammation of the patellar or quadriceps tendon resulting in microtear in the tendon. It is more common in adolescents and young adults. If it is tendinosis, the patient has minimal inflammation and degenerative changes. Compartment Syndrome: Compartment syndrome is due to increased pressure within a closed myofacial compartment that can compromise the function of the nerve, muscle and vessels within that compartment. It can also caused by direct trauma. Symptoms are edema, weakness, tenderness over the compartment. Shin Splints: Shin splint is a general term that describes a complex of condition that lead to pain and irritation of the shin region. The pain is secondary to abnormal stress on the soft tissue structure. Contributing factors are poor biomechanics of the foot/lower extremities, improper training method. if it is anterior, the pain is lateral to tibia, pain is dull in nature and it often increases with intensity of activity. Plantar Fascitis: It is an inflammation of plantar fascia and the inflammatory process may lead to development of heel spurs. It is a very painful condition; it is more common in middle age males, obese. Other causes may be over use and standing on the feet for a long period of time. |